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Visualization of amino acid composition differences between processed protein from different animal species

Xingfan ZHOU,Zengling YANG,Longjian CHEN,Lujia HAN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 171-179 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016095

摘要: Amino acids are the dominant organic components of processed animal proteins, however there has been limited investigation of differences in their composition between various protein sources. Information on these differences will not only be helpful for their further utilization but also provide fundamental information for developing species-specific identification methods. In this study, self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) were used to visualize amino acid composition of fish meal, and meat and bone meal (MBM) produced from poultry, ruminants and swine. SOFM display the similarities and differences in amino acid composition between protein sources and effectively improve data transparency. Amino acid composition was shown to be useful for distinguishing fish meal from MBM due to their large concentration differences between glycine, lysine and proline. However, the amino acid composition of the three MBMs was quite similar. The SOFM results were consistent with those obtained by analysis of variance and principal component analysis but more straightforward. SOFM was shown to have a robust sample linkage capacity and to be able to act as a powerful means to link different sample for further data mining.

关键词: self-organizing feature maps     visualization     processed animal proteins (PAPs)     amino acid    

ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF BACTERIOCIN AGAINST ANIMAL-TO-HUMAN TRANSMITTABLE MUTATED SARS-COV-2: A SYSTEMATIC

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 603-622 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021397

摘要:

The COVID-19 infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 have resulted in millions of people being infected and thousands of deaths globally since November 2019. To date, no unique therapeutic agent has been developed to slow the progression of this pandemic. Despite possessing antiviral traits the potential of bacteriocins to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been fully investigated. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which bacteriocins can be manipulated and implemented as effective virus entry blockers with infection suppression potential properties to highly transmissible viruses through comprehensive immune modulations that are potentially effective against COVID-19. These antimicrobial peptides have been suggested as effective antiviral therapeutics and therapeutic supplements to prevent rapid virus transmission. This review also provides a new insight into the cellular and molecular alterations which have made SARS-CoV-2 self-modified with diversified infection patterns. In addition, the possible applications of antimicrobial peptides through both natural and induced mechanisms in infection prevention perspectives on changeable virulence cases are comprehensively analyzed. Specific attention is given to the antiviral mechanisms of the molecules along with their integrative use with synthetic biology and nanosensor technology for rapid detection. Novel bacteriocin based therapeutics with cutting-edge technologies might be potential substitutes for existing time-consuming and expensive approaches to fight this newly emerged global threat.

 

关键词: antimicrobial proteins / antiviral profiling of bacteriocins / antiviral therapeutics / immunomodulation / nanosensor technology / mutated SARS-CoV-2    

Novel engineered proteins for mechanomaterials

Giuseppe Portale

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 1122-1123 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1941-x

Paradoxical role of Id proteins in regulating tumorigenic potential of lymphoid cells

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 374-386 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0652-x

摘要:

A family of transcription factors known as Id proteins, or inhibitor of DNA binding and differentiation, is capable of regulating cell proliferation, survival and differentiation, and is often upregulated in multiple types of tumors. Due to their ability to promote self-renewal, Id proteins have been considered as oncogenes, and potential therapeutic targets in cancer models. On the contrary, certain Id proteins are reported to act as tumor suppressors in the development of Burkitt’s lymphoma in humans, and hepatosplenic and innate-like T cell lymphomas in mice. The contexts and mechanisms by which Id proteins can serve in such contradictory roles to determine tumor outcomes are still not well understood. In this review, we explore the roles of Id proteins in lymphocyte development and tumorigenesis, particularly with respect to inhibition of their canonical DNA binding partners known as E proteins. Transcriptional regulation by E proteins, and their antagonism by Id proteins, act as gatekeepers to ensure appropriate lymphocyte development at key checkpoints. We re-examine the derailment of these regulatory mechanisms in lymphocytes that facilitate tumor development. These mechanistic insights can allow better appreciation of the context-dependent roles of Id proteins in cancers and improve considerations for therapy.

关键词: Id proteins     lymphoma     leukemia     T cells     B cells     tumor suppressor     oncogene    

Comparative genotoxicity of water processed by three drinking water treatment plants with different water

Ting Zhang, Heze Liu, Yiyuan Zhang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1214-4

摘要: Genotoxicity of substances is unknown in the water after treatment processes. Genotoxicity decreased by activated carbon treatment but increased by chlorination. Halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds contribute to genotoxicity. Genotoxicity was assessed by umu test; acute and chronic toxicity by ECOSAR. Inconsistent results confirmed that genotoxicity cannot be assessed by ECOSAR. Advanced water treatment is commonly used to remove micropollutants such as pesticides, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and disinfection byproducts in modern drinking water treatment plants. However, little attention has been paid to the changes in the genotoxicity of substances remaining in the water following the different water treatment processes. In this study, samples were collected from three drinking water treatment plants with different treatment processes. The treated water from each process was analyzed and compared for genotoxicity and the formation of organic compounds. The genotoxicity was evaluated by an umu test, and the acute and chronic toxicity was analyzed through Ecological Structure- Activity Relationship (ECOSAR). The results of the umu test indicated that biological activated carbon reduced the genotoxicity by 38%, 77%, and 46% in the three drinking water treatment plants, respectively, while chlorination increased the genotoxicity. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds were major contributors to genotoxicity. The results of ECOSAR were not consistent with those of the umu test. Therefore, we conclude that genotoxicity cannot be determined using ECOSAR .

关键词: Drinking water     Treatment process     Genotoxicity     Umu test     Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship    

Highlights for special issue on “Large Animal Stem Cells”

Jianyong HAN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期   页码 1-2 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019251

A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第7卷 第2期   页码 123-128 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019309

摘要:

The recent development of genome editing technologies has given researchers unprecedented power to alter DNA sequences at chosen genomic loci, thereby generating various genetically edited animal models. This mini-review briefly summarizes the development of major genome editing tools, focusing on the application of these tools to generate animal models in multiple species.

关键词: animal model     CRISPR     genome editing     TALEN     ZFN    

Cryopreservation of farm animal gametes and embryos: recent updates and progress

Zhengyuan HUANG, Lei GAO, Yunpeng HOU, Shien ZHU, Xiangwei FU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第6卷 第1期   页码 42-53 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018231

摘要:

Cryopreservation has undergone tremendous advances and is widely used in animal production based on decades of study of cellular permeability, freezability and empirical generalization. Several improvement are particularly important: the cryopreservation protocol has been continuously refined over the years to achieve greater reproductive performance; cryoprotective agents are more effective and less toxic than previously; there has been significant innovation in advanced cryopreservation systems and carriers. Despite this, there are still problems that urgently require practical solutions, such as remedies for cryodamage and encouraging the use of frozen–thawed porcine sperm in pig production.

关键词: vitrification     gametes     embryo     animal production     cryoprotective agent     freezability    

Caveolin proteins: a molecular insight into disease

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0483-6

摘要:

Caveolae are a kind of specific cystic structures of lipid rafts in the cytoplasmic membrane and are rich in cholesterol and sphingolipids. In recent years, many researchers have found that both caveolins and caveolae play a role in the development of various human diseases, including coronary heart disease, hypertension, and nervous system disorders. The specific mechanisms by which caveolins induce diseases have been a topic of interest. However, a number of detailed molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This article focuses on the relationship between caveolin proteins and human diseases and reviews the molecular mechanisms of caveolins in disease networks.

关键词: caveolin     caveolae     microRNA     disease     signaling pathway     heart     tumor    

The speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0924-8

摘要: Biochars derived from animal manures may accumulate potentially toxic metals and cause a potential risk to ecosystem. The synchrotron-based X-ray spectroscopy, sequential fractionation schemes, bioaccessibility extraction and leaching procedure were performed on poultry and swine manure-derived biochars (denoted PB and SB, respectively) to evaluate the variance of speciation and activity of Cu and Zn as affected by the feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. The results showed that Cu speciation was dependent on the feedstock with Cu-citrate-like in swine manure and species resembling Cu-glutathione and CuO in poultry manure. Pyrolyzed products, however, had similar Cu speciation mainly with species resembling Cu-citrate, CuO and CuS/Cu S. Organic bound Zn and Zn (PO ) -like species were dominant in both feedstock and biochars. Both Cu and Zn leaching with synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP) and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) decreased greatly with the rise of pyrolysis temperature, which were consistent with the sequential extraction results that pyrolysis converted Cu and Zn into less labile phases such as organic/sulfide and residual fractions. The potential bioaccessibility of Zn decreased for both the PB and SB, closely depending on the content of non-residual Zn. The bioaccessibility of Cu, however, increased for the SB prepared at 300°C–700°C, probably due to the increased proportion of CuO. Concerning the results of sequential fractionation schemes, bioaccessibility extraction and leaching procedure, pyrolysis at 500°C was suggested as means of reducing Cu/Zn lability and poultry manure was more suitable for pyrolysis treatment.

关键词: Animal manure     Biochar     Metals     Molecular species     Pyrolysis    

Highlights of special issue on Animal Science

Jun REN

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第3期   页码 257-259 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017165

Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 301-311 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018207

摘要:

By measuring the quantity and ways in which antimicrobials are used, and reviewing different technical and socioeconomic factors influencing antimicrobial use at farm level, this study discusses the main knowledge gaps in antimicrobial use in food animal production and provides recommendations for future research and policy development. The review reveals that antimicrobial use in food animals exhibit strong regional and species differences, and there are still large information gaps concerning the current state of antimicrobial use. Factors associated with animal health (including antimicrobial resistance), animal health improvement, economic costs and benefits relevant to animal diseases, and potential technological alternatives or alternative systems all have an impact on antimicrobial use on the farm. There is a clear need to resolve the data gap by monitoring antimicrobial use and developing an analytical framework to better understand farmer behaviors under different technical, economic and environmental circumstances.

关键词: antimicrobial use     drivers for antimicrobial use     food animal production    

Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 195-205 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016109

摘要: Electrolyzed water (EW) can be produced by electrolysis of a dilute salt solution. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW, pH 5.0–6.5) and neutral electrolyzed water (NEW, pH 6.5–8.5) are considered healthy and environmentally friendly because no hazardous chemicals are added in its production, there is reduced corrosion of surfaces and it minimizes the potential for damage to animal and human health. Over the last decade, EW has become increasingly popular as an alternative disinfectant for decontamination in animal houses. However, there have been some issues related to EW that are not well known, including different mechanisms for generation of SAEW and NEW, and the antimicrobial mechanism of EW. This review covers the definitions of SAEW and NEW, different generation systems for SAEW and NEW, the antimicrobial mecha- nism of EW, and recent developments related to the application of SAEW and NEW in animal houses.

关键词: disinfection     poultry and livestock     slightly acidic electrolyzed water     neutral electrolyzed water    

Changes in structure and functional properties of whey proteins induced by high hydrostatic pressure:

Xiaoming LIU, Jia NING, Stephanie CLARK,

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 436-442 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0251-0

摘要: High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is an alternative technology to heat processing for food product modifications. It does not cause environmental pollution and eliminates the use of chemical additives in food products. This review covers the research conducted to understand the effect of HHP on structure and functional properties of whey proteins. In this paper, the mechanism underlying pressure-induced changes in -lactoglobulin and -lactabumin is also discussed and how they related to functional properties such as hydrophobicity, foam stability, and flavor-binding capacity.

关键词: -lactoglobulin     processing     functional     alternative technology     environmental    

Cross-sectional network analysis of plasma proteins/metabolites correlated with pathogenesis and therapeutic

《医学前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1022-x

摘要: The treatment of PML/RARA+ acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide (ATRA/ATO) has been recognized as a model for translational medicine research. Though an altered microenvironment is a general cancer hallmark, how APL blasts shape their plasma composition is poorly understood. Here, we reported a cross-sectional correlation network to interpret multilayered datasets on clinical parameters, proteomes, and metabolomes of paired plasma samples from patients with APL before or after ATRA/ATO induction therapy. Our study revealed the two prominent features of the APL plasma, suggesting a possible involvement of APL blasts in modulating plasma composition. One was characterized by altered secretory protein and metabolite profiles correlating with heightened proliferation and energy consumption in APL blasts, and the other featured APL plasma-enriched proteins or enzymes catalyzing plasma-altered metabolites that were potential trans-regulatory targets of PML/RARA. Furthermore, results indicated heightened interferon-gamma signaling characterizing a tumor-suppressing function of the immune system at the first hematological complete remission stage, which likely resulted from therapy-induced cell death or senescence and ensuing supraphysiological levels of intracellular proteins. Overall, our work sheds new light on the pathophysiology and treatment of APL and provides an information-rich reference data cohort for the exploratory and translational study of leukemia microenvironment.

关键词: acute promyelocytic leukemia     plasma proteomics     plasma metabolomics     cross-sectional correlation network     pathogenesis     treatment    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Visualization of amino acid composition differences between processed protein from different animal species

Xingfan ZHOU,Zengling YANG,Longjian CHEN,Lujia HAN

期刊论文

ANTIVIRAL EFFECTS OF BACTERIOCIN AGAINST ANIMAL-TO-HUMAN TRANSMITTABLE MUTATED SARS-COV-2: A SYSTEMATIC

期刊论文

Novel engineered proteins for mechanomaterials

Giuseppe Portale

期刊论文

Paradoxical role of Id proteins in regulating tumorigenic potential of lymphoid cells

null

期刊论文

Comparative genotoxicity of water processed by three drinking water treatment plants with different water

Ting Zhang, Heze Liu, Yiyuan Zhang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

期刊论文

Highlights for special issue on “Large Animal Stem Cells”

Jianyong HAN

期刊论文

A brief review of genome editing technology for generating animal models

Haoyi WANG, Sen WU, Mario R. CAPECCHI, Rudolf JAENISCH

期刊论文

Cryopreservation of farm animal gametes and embryos: recent updates and progress

Zhengyuan HUANG, Lei GAO, Yunpeng HOU, Shien ZHU, Xiangwei FU

期刊论文

Caveolin proteins: a molecular insight into disease

null

期刊论文

The speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

期刊论文

Highlights of special issue on Animal Science

Jun REN

期刊论文

Antimicrobial use in food animal production: situation analysis and contributing factors

Ziping WU

期刊论文

Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

期刊论文

Changes in structure and functional properties of whey proteins induced by high hydrostatic pressure:

Xiaoming LIU, Jia NING, Stephanie CLARK,

期刊论文

Cross-sectional network analysis of plasma proteins/metabolites correlated with pathogenesis and therapeutic

期刊论文